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Table 3 A summary of the frequency of Rhizoctonia-like fungi acquired from roots of orchids inhabiting the Itremo Massif of the Central Highlands of Madagascar during January 2015 (rainy season)

From: Techniques for the collection, transportation, and isolation of orchid endophytes from afar: a case study from Madagascar

Growth habit

Orchid

Site

Sample

# Strains and fungus

Lithophytic

Eulophia sp. 1

1

Seedling

None

 

Eulophia sp. 1

1

Mature

Tulasnella (1)

 

Jumellea densifolia

2

Seedling

None

Epiphytic

Aerangis sp. 1

5

Seedling

Ceratobasidium (10)

 

Angraecum sp. 1

2

Seedling, juvenile

None

 

Angraecum sp. 3

6

Mature

None

 

Aeranthes sp. 1

6

Juvenile, mature

None

 

Bulbophyllum baronii

2

Mature

None

 

Polystachya sp. 1

6

Seedling

Tulasnella (4)

 

Polystachya concreta

3

Seedling

None

Terrestrial

Angraecum sp. 2

2

Mature

None

 

Benthamia sp. 1

3

Mature

None

 

Calanthe sylvatica

5

Mature

None

 

Cynorkis sp. 1

3

Mature

Ceratobasidium (2)

 

Cynorkis sp. 1

4

Mature

Tulasnella, sebacina (2)

 

Cynorkis sp. 1

7

Mature

None

 

Cynorkis fastigiata

4

Mature

Ceratobasidium (1)

 

Cynorkis fastigiata

6

Mature

Tulasnella (3)

 

Cynorkis flexuosa

1

Mature

None

 

Cynorkis flexuosa

1

Seedling

Tulasnella (2)

 

Cynorkis gibbosa

4

Mature

Tulasnella (4)

 

Cynorkis gibbosa

4

Juvenile

None

 

Cynorkis gibbosa

7

Seedling

None

 

Cynorkis uniflora

3

Seedling

Ceratobasidium (1)

 

Cynorkis uniflora

3

Mature

None

 

Cynorkis uniflora

7

Mature

None

 

Disa sp. 1

4

Mature

None

 

Eulophia sp. 1

1

Seedling

None

 

Eulophia plataginea

1

Juvenile

None

 

Habenaria sp.1

1

Juvenile, mature

None

 

Habenaria sp. 2

2

Seedling

Tulasnella (1)

Habenaria sp. 2

4

Mature

Tulasnella (1)

 

Jumellea sp.

1

Mature

None

 

Liparis sp. 1

5

Seedling

Tulasnella (1)

 

Polystachya sp. 1

2

Mature

None

 

Satyrium sp.

5

Seedling

Tulasnella (1)

 

Satyrium trinerve

3

Mature

None

 

Satyrium trinerve

4

Seedling

Tulasnella (4)

  1. Fungal genera listed represent provisional identifications carried out at the time of isolation, based on cultural characteristics described by Currah et al. (1997). Growth habit reflects the substrate where the individual orchid was actually rooted at the time of collection. Collection sites: 1 abandoned mine, rocky grassland, 2 tapia forest, 3 seepage slope, 4 grassland, seepage slope, 5 forest preserve, 6 forest, 7 rocky elevated grassland
  2. Terrestrial seedlings = 6/8, epiphytic seedlings = 2/4, lithophytic seedlings = 0/2
  3. Terrestrial juveniles = 0/3, epiphytic juveniles = 0/2, lithophytic juveniles = NA
  4. Terrestrial mature = 6/18, epiphytic mature = 1/4, lithophytic mature = 1/1
  5. Total terrestrial = 12/29 (41%), total epiphytic = 3/10 (30%), total lithophytic = 1/3 (33%)