Southern Carpathian ultramafic grasslands within the central-southeast European context: syntaxonomic classification and overall eco-coenotic patterns

Coldea, Gheorghe; Gafta, Dan; Negrean, Gavril; Stoica, Adrian Ilie; Hurdu, Bogdan-Iuliu

doi:10.1186/s40529-022-00355-8

Botanical Studies

Table 5 Asplenio serpentini–Achnatheretum calamagrostis ass. nova (* holotypus; ser—serpentinites)

From: Southern Carpathian ultramafic grasslands within the central-southeast European context: syntaxonomic classification and overall eco-coenotic patterns

Relevé no.	21	22	23	26*	27	28	29	30	31	32
Aspect	W	S	SW	SE	SE	S	S	NW	W	NW
Slope (degrees)	25	25	30	40	20	5	5	40	10	30
Elevation (m)	470	570	580	340	370	390	410	400	380	610
Total herb cover (%)	55	65	75	55	65	50	50	60	65	50
Plot area (m²)	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10
Bedrock type	ser	ser	ser	ser	ser	ser	ser	ser	ser	ser
Diagnostic species at association level
Achnatherum calamagrostis	1.3	3.4	4.5	1.1	1.1	1.1	+.1	1.1	+.1	3.3
Asplenium serpentini	1.2	3.4	1.3	+	+	+	+	1.3	+	2.3
Alyssum petraeum	.	.	.	1.3	+	2.3	2.3	+	+	1.2
Thymion jankae and Halacsyetalia
Alyssum murale subsp. pichleri	+	.	.	1.2	1.2	1.1	+	1.3	.	+
Notholaena marantae	2.3	.	.	2.3	3.4	1.3	1.2	2.3	3.4	.
Stachys recta subsp. subcrenata	.	.	.	+.1	+	.	2.2	+	1.3	.
Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. germanicum	2.3	1.3	1.3	.	.	.	.	.	.	+
Thymus praecox subsp. jankae	+	+	.	1.3	.	.	.	.	.	+
Dianthus giganteus subsp. banaticus	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Bromus riparius	.	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Potentilla cinerea subsp. tommasiniana	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	+
Festuco–Brometea
Melica ciliata	.	+	+	1.1	2.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	+
Pilosella pavichii	+.1	1.2	1.2	+	.	.	.	+	+	+
Festuca valesiaca	.	.	.	2.3	1.3	1.2	1.3	3.4	+	.
Silene armeria	.	+	1.2	+	+	.	.	.	+	.
Asperula cynanchica	.	.	.	.	+	+	+	+	.	+
Thymus praecox subsp. polytrichus	+	+	1.2	.	.	.	.	.	.	1.2
Hypericum perforatum	+	+	.	.	+	.	.	.	.	+
Phleum montanum	.	+	+	+	.	.	.	.	.	+
Allium flavum	.	.	.	1.2	1.3	.	.	+	+	.
Centaurea stoebe subsp. australis	.	+	+	.	.	+	.	.	.	.
Achillea crithmifolia	.	.	.	+	.	.	+	+	.	.
Bothriochloa ischaemum	.	.	.	.	.	+	+	+	.	.
Petrorhagia saxifraga	+	.	.	.	.	+	.	.	.	.
Galium verum	.	+	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Danthonia alpina	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Sedum hispanicum	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Festuca pallens	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Teucrium chamaedrys	.	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Eryngium campestre	.	.	.	+	.	.	.	.	.	.
Minuartia hirsuta subsp. frutescens	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	+
Companions
Rumex acetosella	+	.	.	+	.	+	.	+	+	+
Cynodon dactylon	.	.	.	+	+	+	+	+	1.2	.
Thymus pulegioides	.	.	.	+	+	2.2	.	+	2.2	.
Scleranthus perennis	.	.	.	.	.	+	+	1.2	+	+
Bromus squarrosus	.	+	+	.	+	.	+	.	.	.
Quercus dalechampii	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	+	+
Trifolium arvense	.	.	.	.	+	+	.	.	+	.
Cichorium intybus	.	.	.	.	+	+	.	.	+	.
Fraxinus ornus	+	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Galium album	+	.	.	+	.	.	.	.	.	.
Moehringia pendula	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	+
Cerastium pumilum subsp. glutinosum	.	+	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Centaurium erythraea	.	+	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
Medicago falcata	.	.	.	.	+	+	.	.	.	.
Filago arvensis	.	.	.	.	.	+	+	.	.	.
Verbascum phlomoides	.	.	.	.	.	.	+	.	+	.

Companion species with one occurrence: Poa alpina agg. 21: 1.2; Asplenium trichomanes 21: + ; Cardaminopsis arenosa 21: + ; Potentilla thuringiaca 21: + ; Calamagrostis epigejos 21: + ; Cynosurus cristatus 23: + ; Lactuca serriola 26: + ; Centaurea atropurpurea 26: + ; Lotus corniculatus 28: + ; Chondrilla juncea 28: + ; Pilosella piloselloides subsp. bauhinii 28: + ; Anchusa officinalis 29: 1.3; Apera spica-venti 29: + ; Euphrasia illyrica 30: + ; Agrostis capillaris 32: + ; Silene vulgaris 32: + ; Rubus candicans 32: +
Relevé sites: 21: Obârșia Cloșani—Dealul cu Zgură (5.07.2017); 22–23: Giurgieni—Valea Coșuștei (5.07.2017); 26–31: Rudina (6.07.2017); 32: Seliște—Valea Verde (5.07.2017)

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