Ficus (Moraceae) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Taiwan

Bain, Anthony; Tzeng, Hsy-Yu; Wu, Wen-Jer; Chou, Lien-Siang

doi:10.1186/s40529-015-0090-x

Botanical Studies

Table 1 Taiwan Ficus taxa and their associated pollinating and non-pollinating wasp species

From: Ficus (Moraceae) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Taiwan

*Ficus*	Fig wasps	References
Subgenus Urostigma (monoecious)
F. benjamina L. var. bracteata Corner	Eupristina koninsbergeri^P*	Grandi [1916]
	Philotrypesis distallatoria	Grandi [1926]; Chou and Wong [1997]
	Micranisa sp1 Sycoryctini sp.	Bain A. unpublished data; Segar et al. [2012]
F. caulocarpa Miq.	Platyscapa fischeri^P*	Wiebes [1977]; Yokoyama and Iwatsuki [1998]
	Platyscapa hsui ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
	Camarothorax sp2*	Yokoyama and Iwatsuki [1998]
	Otitesella clarae*	Wiebes [1977]; Yokoyama and Iwatsuki [1998]
F. microcarpa L. f.	Eupristina verticillata ^P	Waterston [1921]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Walkerella kurandensis	Bouček [1988]; Chen et al. [1999]
	Walkerella microcarpae	Bouček [1993]; Yang H-W unpublished data
	Acophila microcarpa	Chen et al. [1999]
	Bruchophagus sensoriae
	Meselatus bicolor
	Micranisa degastris
	Ormyrus lini
	Philotrypesis taiwanensis
	Sycophila curta
	Sycophila maculafacies
	Sycophila petiolata
	Sycoryctes moneres
	Odontofroggatia quinifuniculus	Feng and Huang [2010]; Yang H-W unpublished data
	Philotrypesis emeryi	Grandi [1926]; Chen et al. [1999]
	Eufroggattisca okivanensis	Ishii [1934]; Chen et al. [1999]
	Odontofroggatia gajimaru
	Philotrypesis okinavensis
	Sycoscapter gajimaru
	Micranisa yashiroi*	Ishii [1934]; Yokoyama and Iwatsuki [1998]; Beardsley [1998]
	Conidarnes sp1	Cruaud et al. [2011]
	Odontofroggatia corneri	Wiebes [1980]; Chen et al. [1999]
	Odontofroggatia galili Odontofroggatia ishii
F. subpisocarpa Gagnep.	Platyscapa ishiiana ^P	Grandi, [1923]; Chen and Chou, [1997]
subsp. subpisocarpa Corner	Otitesella ako	Ishii, [1934]; Bain A. unpublished data
	Acophila mikii
	Philotrypesis sp1*	Yokoyama and Iwatsuki [1998]
	Sycoscapter sp1*
	Camarothorax sp1*
	Camarothorax sp2, sp3	Bain A. unpublished data
F. subpisocarpa Gagnep.	Micranisa sp1	Bain A. unpublished data
subsp. subpisocarpa	Ormyrus sp1, sp2
Corner	Philotrypesis sp1
	Sycophila sp1, sp2, sp3, sp4, sp5
	Walkerella sp1
	Arachonia sp1	Cruaud et al. [2011]; Segar et al. [2012]; Bain A. unpublished data
	Sycoryctes sp1
	Sycoscapter sp2
F. religiosa L.	Platyscapa quadraticeps ^P	Mayr [1885]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Otitesella digitata*	Westwood [1883]; Wiebes [1966]
	Otitesella religiosa*
	Sycoscapter gracilipes*
	Sycoscapteridea monilifera*
	Philotrypesis anguliceps*	Westwood [1883]; Wiebes [1966]; Bouček [1988]
Subgenus Ficus (dioecious)
F. erecta Thunb. var. beecheyana King	Blastophaga nipponica ^P	Grandi [1921]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Sycoscapter inubiae, sp1	Ishii [1934]; Tzeng et al. [2006b], Tzeng et al. [2008]
F. formosana Maxim.	Blastophaga taiwanensis ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
	Sycoscapter sp1, sp2	Tzeng et al. [2008]
F. pedunculosa Miq. var. pedunculosa	Blastophaga peducunlosae ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
F. pedunculosa Miq. var. mearnsii Corner	Blastophaga peducunlosae ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
	Apocrypta sp.	Bain, unpublished data
F. ruficaulis Merr.	Valisia filippina ^P	Wiebes [1993]; Chen and Chou [1997]; Cruaud et al. [2010]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
F. tannoensis Hay.	Blastophaga tannoensis ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
F. triloba Buch.-Ham. subsp. triloba Corner	Valisia esquirolianae ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]; Cruaud et al. [2010]
	Sycoryctini sp.	Segar et al. [2012]; Bain A. pers. obs.
F. vaccinoides Hemsl.	Blastophaga yeni ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
Subgenus Pharmacosycea (monoecious)
F. nervosa subsp. nervosa Heyne	Dolichoris nervosae nervosae ^P *	Hill [1967]
	Philotrypesis sp1
	Sycoscapter sp1
F. nervosa subsp pubinervis Blume	Dolichoris valentine^P*	Grandi [1916]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
Subgenus Synoecia (dioecious)
F. pumila L. var. pumila	Wiebesia pumilae ^P	Hill [1967]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Wiebesia sp.^P	Wang et al. [2013]
	No parasitic wasp in Taiwan
F. pumila L. var. awkeotsang Corner	Wiebesia pumilae ^P	Hill [1967]
	Wiebesia sp.^P	Wang et al. [2013]
	No parasitic wasp in Taiwan
F. punctata Thunb. f. aurantiacea Corner	Wiebesia contubernalis ^P	Grandi [1927a]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Sycoscapter sp.	Chou and Yeh [1995]
F. sarmentosa Buch.-Ham.	Wiebesia callida ^P	Grandi [1927a]; Chen and Chou [1997]
var. nipponica Corner	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
F. trichocarpa Blume	Wiebesia vechti^P*	Wiebes [1993]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
Subgenus Sycidium (dioecious)
F. ampelas Burm. f.	Krabidia sumatrana ^P	Wiebes [1993]; Chen and Chou, [1997]
	Philotrypesis distallatoria	Grandi [1926]; Chang [2003]
	Philotrypesis jacobsoni	Grandi [1926]; Chou and Wong [1997]
	Sycoryctes sp1, sp2	Chang [2003]
	Epichrysomallinae sp.
F. cumingii Miq.	Krabidia panchoi ^P	Wiebes [1993]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
F. heteropleura Blume	Krabidia dubium^P*	Grandi [1926]; Cruaud et al. [2010]
	(Parasitic fauna unknown)
F. irisana Elm.	Krabidia commuta ^P	Wiebes [1993]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Herodotia sp.	Chen [1998]
	Philotrypesis sp1, sp2
	Sycophila sp1, sp2
	Sycoscapter sp.
F. tinctoria G. Forst. subsp. swinhoei King	Krabidia gibbosae ^P	Hill [1967]; Chen and Chou [1997]; Cruaud et al. [2010]
	Neosycophila sp.	Huang [2007]
	Philotrypesis sp1, sp2
	Sycoscapter sp.
	Eufroggatisca sp.	Tzeng H-Y unpublished data
	Sycoryctes sp.
	Sycophila sp.
F. virgata Reinw.	Krabidia philippinensis ^P	Hill [1969]; Chen and Chou [1997]; Cruaud et al. [2010]
	Krabidia virgatae^P*	Hill [1969]; Cruaud et al. [2010]
	Krabidia sessilis^P*
F. virgata Reinw.	Camarothorax sp.	Bain A. unpublished data
	Philotrypesis sp.
	Sycoryctini sp.	Segar et al. [2012]; Bain A. unpublished data
Subgenus Sycomorus (dioecious)
F. benguetensis Merr.	Ceratosolen wui ^P	Chen and Chou [1997]
	Philotrypesis sp1, sp2	Bain A. unpublished data
	Sycoscapter sp1, sp2
F. septica Burm.	Ceratosolen bisulcatus bisulcatus^P*	Mayr [1885]; Wiebes [1994]
	Ceratosolen bisulcatus jucundus ^P	Grandi [1927b]; Wiebes [1994]; Lin et al. [2011]
	Ceratosolen sp.^P
	Sycophaga sp.*	Bain A. unpublished data; Cruaud et al. [2011]
	Philotrypesis sp1, sp2	Ho [2009]
	Sycoscapter sp.
	Philotrypesis spinipes	Mayr [1885]; Chou and Wong [1997]
	Philotrypesis bimaculata*
F. variegata Blume	Ceratosolen appendiculatus ^P	Mayr [1885]; Chen and Chou [1997]
	Apocrypta caudata*	Weiblen et al. [1995]
	Sycophaga spinitarsus*	Mayr [1885]; Rasplus J.-Y. pers. obs.
	Sycoscapter patellaris*	(www.figweb.org/Fig_wasps/Faunal_assemblages/Indo-Australasia/China); Cruaud et al. [2011]

The pollinating wasps are noted with a superscripted p whereas the wasp species not yet observed in Taiwan but reported elsewhere for these fig taxa are noted with an asterisk (*). The last column displays the references of the description, the name modifications of the given species and/or the observations on these species.

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