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Botanical Studies

Table 2 Phenolics, flavonoids, phenolic acid contents and antioxidant evaluations of five wild species of Physalis

From: Phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties of five wild species of Physalis (Solanaceae)

Species and reference compounds

Phenolic content (mg AGE/g dt)

Flavonoid content (mg QE/g dt)

Phenolic acid content (mg CE/g dt)

DPPH scavenging capacity (EC50) (µg/mL)

Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (mg AAE/mL)

Iron reducing power (IC50) (µg AAE/mL)

Leaves

 P. patula (413)

129.06 ± 0.66 a

13.363 ± 0.01 d

4.053 ± 0.049 cd

22.96 ± 0.62 d

2.45 ± 0.08 b

0.43 ± 0.04 b

 P. subulata (427)

118.01 ± 3.34 b

20.152 ± 0.033 c

5.566 ± 0.040 b

8.83 ± 0.28 f

3.59 ± 0.26 a

0.54 ± 0.01 a

 P. solanacea (426)

89.83 ± 3.3 c

9.365 ± 0.050 e

4.671 ± 0.046 d

8.18 ± 0.21 f

1.80 ± 0.04 c

0.49 ± 0.04 ab

 P. solanacea (412)

86.66 ± 6.32 c

6.543 ± 0.014 f

2.388 ± 0.034 e

28.21 ± 0.96 c

2.10 ± 0.10 bc

0.44 ± 0.001 b

 P. hederifolia var. hederifolia (407)

58.75 ± 5.18 d

21.265 ± 0.006 bc

1.242 ± 0.075 f

59.17 ± 1.42 a

2.35 ± 0.06 b

0.11 ± 0.001 d

 P. angulata (401)

40.51 ± 0.71 e

23.036 ± 0.100 a

6.706 ± 0.007 a

38.74 ± 1.04 b

2.44 ± 0.18 b

0.20 ± 0.004 c

 Quercetin

   

5.29 ± 0.39 g

0.08 ± 0.002 d

0.09 ± 0.003 d

 Epicatechin

   

14.33 ± 0.29 e

0.11 ± 0.005 d

0.07 ± 0.004 d

Fruits

 P. hederifolia var. hederifolia (407)

86.51 ± 4.03 a

4.80 ± 0.031 b

Not found

0.87 ± 0.03 f

0.59 ± 0.006 e

0.06 ± 0.002 e

 P. patula (413)

53.14 ± 3.95 b

1.392 ± 0.007 d

7.417 ± 0.067 a

9.14 ± 0.17 b

1.07 ± 0.04 a

0.10 ± 0.001 b

 P. solanacea (426)

46.29 ± 1.93 bc

2.499 ± 0.023 c

1.253 ± 0.020 d

3.11 ± 0.05 d

0.82 ± 0.005 c

0.06 ± 0.002 e

 P. solanacea (412)

40.39 ± 5.32 cd

4.642 ± 0.020 b

2.773 ± 0.032 c

2.51 ± 0.18 e

0.72 ± 0.010 d

0.03 ± 0.001 f

 P. angulata (401)

36.92 ± 2.57 cd

Not found

7.849 ± 0.050 a

3.05 ± 0.19 c

0.92 ± 0.006 b

0.02 ± 0.00 g

 P. subulata (427)

32.29 ± 0.93 d

5.462 ± 0.033 a

4.258 ± 0.03 b

2.15 ± 0.18 e

0.58 ± 0.15 e

0.15 ± 0.001 a

 Quercetin

   

5.29 ± 0.39 c

0.08 ± 0.002 f

0.09 ± 0.003 c

 Epicatechin

   

14.33 ± 0.29 a

0.11 ± 0.005 f

0.07 ± 0.004 d

Calyces

 P. subulata (427)

176.58 ± 12.55 a

39.633 ± 0.079 a

50.570 ± 0.125 a

60.29 ± 0.30 a

2.07 ± 0.014 a

0.34 ± 0.02 b

 P. solanacea (426)

170.78 ± 7.06 a

5.269 ± 0.059 d

5.805 ± 0.042 b

12.20 ± 0.17 d

1.56 ± 0.040 b

0.55 ± 0.03 a

 P. solanacea (412)

76.68 ± 4.99 b

3.678 ± 0.049 e

4.054 ± 0.038 c

27.82 ± 0.34 c

0.63 ± 0.013 d

0.02 ± 0.001 e

 P. patula (413)

91.90 ± 11.90 b

5.339 ± 0.215 d

5.719 ± 0.024 b

0.94 ± 0.05 f

1.41 ± 0.017 b

0.24 ± 0.01 c

 P. hederifolia var. hederifolia (407)

54.15 ± 1.64 c

16.48 ± 0.153 b

Traces

7.68 ± 0.08 e

1.03 ± 0.002 c

0.06 ± 0.000 d

 P. angulata (401)

33.18 ± 1.43 c

8.829 ± 0.032 c

1.389 ± 0.009 d

31.94 ± 3.03 b

2.10 ± 0.16 a

0.09 ± 0.01 d

 Quercetin

   

5.29 ± 0.39 e

0.08 ± 0.002 e

0.09 ± 0.003 d

 Epicatechin

   

14.33 ± 0.29 d

0.11 ± 0.005 e

0.07 ± 0.004 d

  1. The values represent the mean and standard deviation for three independent samples. Different letters in the same column for each type of tissue mean significant differences (p < 0.05)
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