Fig. 2

Flowers in development stages and the effects of Hpa1 and Hpa1_10–42 on the progress of flower development. a Appearance of flowers at the different development stages (S1–S6). Showed flowers were from EVP-treated plants of the indicated species. b Times required for flower development in the indicated plants following treatment with EVP, Hpa1, or Hpa1_10–42. Immediately before plant treatment, S1 flowers were labeled with roped plastic tabs for the subsequently tracked observations. Data shown are mean values ± standard deviation bars from three independent experiments each containing 300 flowers. Different letters in bar graphs indicate significant differences between treatments within the corresponding periods based on analysis of variance along with Fisher’s least significant difference test and Tukey–Kramer’s test (n = 300 flowers; P < 0.01)