Effect of light regime and provenance on leaf characteristics, growth and flavonoid accumulation in Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal) Iljinskaja coppices

Botanical Studies

Table 4 Summary of significance levels (Two-way ANOVA) for the effects of shading, provenance and their interaction on biomass accumulation, flavonoid concentrations and flavonoid yield in leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus

Source	Biomass accumulation (g plant⁻¹ dm)				Flavonoid concentrations (mg g⁻¹ dm)				Flavonoid yield (mg plant⁻¹ dm)
Source	Root	Stem	Leaf	Total	Total	Quercetin	Isoquercitrin	Kaempferol	Total	Quercetin	Isoquercitrin	Kaempferol
Shading (A)
f	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
MS	7332.3	10,952.4	2977.3	58,209.7	806.7	9.4058	24.425	4.979	6,077,330.0	28,472.3	59,931.2	9511.8
P	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Provenance (B)
f	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
MS	1827.4	4905.5	2986.8	35,337.9	19.2	2.3303	2.244	0.0197	3,853,934.2	16,248.5	19,977.7	2298.6
P	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.234	<0.001	<0.001	0.130	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Interaction
f	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
MS	1635.3	4912.3	2940.5	27,709.1	4.9	0.1994	1.194	0.1436	4,847,762.0	7018.2	25,089.3	1907.3
P	0.008	0.001	0.005	<0.001	0.970	0.002	0.001	0.078	<0.001	0.004	<0.001	<0.001

Italic values indicate the treatment effects are statistically significant at the 0.05 level for each determined index