Fig. 1

Effects of Phragmites australis litter leachate on A total biomass, B root length, C plant height and D total chlorophyll of Rumex conglomeratus seedlings at different densities. Values (weight per plant) are means as % of control treatments at each density ± standard errors (n = 3). Letters indicate homogenous subgroups (P ≤ 0.05) at each density in Duncan’s test