Characteristics of tropical human-modified forests after 20 years of natural regeneration

Botanical Studies

Table 1 Forest structure and diversity indices of the human-modified forests and reference plot

Indices	NPI	YBV	STBG
Basal area (m² ha⁻¹)	45.4	39.2	39.0
Density (stems ha⁻¹)	4475.0	6162.5	5812.5
Density_saplings (stems ha⁻¹)	3862.5	5550.0	5037.5
Density_native saplings (stems ha⁻¹)	3862.5	4750.0	2525.0
Species richness	45	40	52
Species richness_saplings	39	38	47
Species richness_native saplings	39	33	34
Effective species number	22.7	22.0	22.8
Effective species number_saplings	19.3	20.4	19.9
Effective species number_native saplings	19.3	18.7	17.2
Evenness	0.50	0.55	0.44
Evenness_saplings	0.49	0.54	0.42
Evenness_native saplings	0.49	0.57	0.51

Indices based on species native to Taiwan were noted with “_native”. Indices based on DBH (diameter at breast height) size class 1: ≥1 and < 10 cm were denoted with “_saplings”. Abbreviations of study plots please refer to Fig. 1