Plant regeneration via direct somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants of Tolumnia Louise Elmore ‘Elsa’

Botanical Studies

Table 1 Effects of cytokinins on direct somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants of Tolumnia Louise Elmore ‘Elsa’, when the explants were cultured in darkness for 75 days

Cytokinins	Concentration (mg l⁻¹)	% of explants with somatic proembryos	% of explants with somatic globular embryos	% of browning
Hormone-free control	0	0 f	0 a	85.0 abc
2iP	0.3	0 f	0 a	90.0 abc
	1	20.0 def	0 a	75.0 c
	3	5.0 ef	0 a	80.0 bc
BA	0.3	0 f	0 a	30.0 d
	1	35.0 abcd	0 a	20.0 de
	3	15.0 def	0 a	10.0 de
Kinetin	0.3	0 f	0 a	100.0 a
	1	0 f	0 a	80.0 bc
	3	0 f	0 a	95.0 ab
TDZ	0.3	50.0 abc	5.0 a	5.0 de
	1	45.0 abc	10.0 a	0 e
	3	30.0 bcde	5.0 a	10.0 de
Zeatin	0.3	55.0 ab	0 a	10.0 de
	1	65.0 a	0 a	10.0 de
	3	30.0 cde	0 a	5.0 de

Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according Duncan’s multiple range test at p ≤ 0.05 (Duncan 1955)