Fig. 4
Transformation efficiency and Southern blotting results of hydroponically grown ice plants after infection with the A. rhizogenes A8196 or NCPPB 1855 strain harboring the pCAMBIA1303 binary vector. a Percentage of plants showing GUS activity in hydroponically grown plant roots on infection with A. rhizogenes A8196 or NCPPB 1855 from 1 to 8 weeks after infection. About 16–20 ice plants were infected with either A. rhizogenes strain for each independent transformation assay. Data are mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 comparing A. rhizogenes A8196 infected plants and A. rhizogenes NCPPB 1855 infected plants under the same week after infection based on pairwise Student t-test. b Representative GUS staining of ice plant roots after infiltration with mock control (b1, b4), infection with A. rhizogenes A8196 (b2, b5) or NCPPB 1855 (b3, b6). Mock control or bacteria-infected root fragments from plants 1 week after treatments are shown in b1 to b3 and 8 weeks after treatments in b4 to b6. Bar = 500 μm. c T-DNA regions of the binary vector pCAMBIA1303 showing the positions of SphI site. d Genomic Southern blot analysis of T-DNA integration 8 weeks after infiltration. Genomic DNA (30 μg/lane) was digested with SphI and hybridized with 32P-labeled GUS probe. M: λDNA HindIII-digested marker; 1855: NCPPB 1855-infected roots; 8196: A8196-infected roots; 1303: gel-purified SphI-digested fragment of pCAMBIA1303; control: mock control roots