Fig. 5

Biplots for the rice cultivars, TY3, TK9, TNG71, KH145, TKW1, TKW3, TCS10, and TCS17 on the coordinates a PC1 vs. PC2 and b PC3 vs. PC4, respectively. The first four principal components (i.e. PC1, PC2, PC3, and PC4), which were derived from the 12 variants for plant growth, Cd accumulation and physiological indices, explained 85.4% of the cultivars’ variance corresponding to the eigenvalues λ₁ = 4.7, λ₂ = 2.5, λ₃ = 1.7, and λ₄ = 1.3, respectively. The dash line delineates the group of TY3, TK9, TNG71, and KH145