Vegetation diversity pattern during spring season in relation to topographic and edaphic variables in sub-tropical zone

Ali, Hazrat; Muhammad, Zahir; Majeed, Muhammad; Aziz, Robina; Khan, Adam; Mangrio, Wali Muhammad; Abdo, Hazem Ghassan; Almohamad, Hussein; Al Dughairi, Ahmed Abdullah

doi:10.1186/s40529-023-00398-5

Botanical Studies

Table 2 Quantitative aspects of vegetation from District Malakand

From: Vegetation diversity pattern during spring season in relation to topographic and edaphic variables in sub-tropical zone

Communities*	T	S	H	Cl	TP	Dominant species	D	F	C	R. D	R. F	R. C	I. V
1. ALE	13	9	69	1	92	Acacia nilotica	2.1	100	18.30	30.43	25.64	34.84	90.92
						Lantana camara	2.8	100	20.50	28.00	20.41	27.94	76.35
						Emexspinosus	4.6	50	9.80	8.95	3.07	8.76	20.78
2. ADM	7	11	62	1	81	Acacia modesta	1.6	70	13.43	33.33	31.82	42.59	107.74
						Dodonaeaviscosa	2.1	90	17.95	22.11	17.65	26.53	66.29
						Medicago minima	5.7	70	8.70	10.75	4.96	8.02	23.74
3. AJM	5	16	41	1	63	Acacia modesta	1.7	80	16.11	48.57	40.00	58.43	147.00
						Justicia adhatoda	1.6	70	11.90	21.33	20.00	22.92	64.25
						Medicago minima	5.9	90	9.70	14.01	7.09	10.94	32.04
4. DPS	9	9	38	–	56	Dodonaeaviscosa	2.7	90	18.40	40.91	33.33	41.12	115.36
						Pinus roxburghii	1.5	60	18.77	36.59	28.57	49.79	114.95
						Stellaria media	8.9	90	19.00	19.47	8.57	21.81	49.85
5. CME	16	8	42	–	66	Calotropis procera	1.1	50	8.80	25.58	25.00	24.31	74.89
						Melia azedarach	1.5	80	11.58	19.74	14.55	23.25	57.54
						Euphorbia helioscopia	7.3	100	15.90	15.70	8.06	16.59	40.35
6. CMS	18	10	38	–	66	Calotropis procera	1.0	50	10.80	18.87	21.74	24.40	65.01
						Melia azedarach	2.2	100	16.14	20.18	14.93	24.51	59.62
						Stellaria media	6.8	100	12.30	14.32	8.55	13.12	35.99
7. PDT	17	19	39	1	76	Pinus roxburghii	1.8	90	9.22	19.15	24.66	19.64	63.44
						Dodonaeaviscosa	2.3	80	17.40	23.00	14.55	24.98	62.53
						Tulipa clusiana	6.2	60	10.30	13.11	6.45	11.40	30.96
8. ADC	14	15	23	1	53	Acacia modesta	1.5	70	9.73	27.27	17.50	29.90	74.67
						Dodonaeaviscosa	1.9	70	11.80	24.36	14.89	20.52	59.78
						Cynodondactylon	3.8	90	12.90	13.67	12.68	17.92	44.26
9. SPS	15	14	34	–	63	Saccharum bengalense	0.8	40	7.20	13.33	16.67	16.76	46.76
						Populus nigra	1.5	80	9.16	14.71	11.94	12.17	38.82
						Silybum marianum	7.9	90	13.90	15.46	6.72	14.07	36.24
10. VLA	12	11	36	–	59	Vitex negundo	2.4	90	189.50	27.27	30.38	31.61	89.26
						Leucaena leucocephala	2.5	100	12.00	23.58	19.23	18.34	61.16
						Agrostis viridis	6.7	100	23.50	15.95	7.94	24.96	48.85
11. ZME	13	9	46	–	68	Ziziphus nummularia	1.6	60	12.30	24.24	28.57	28.94	81.76
						Morus nigra	1.2	90	10.94	13.48	15.00	17.26	45.74
						Emexspinosus	4.5	90	10.80	11.00	7.32	11.92	30.24
12. ADA	14	12	60	–	86	Acacia modesta	1.8	70	10.85	30.00	19.44	37.00	86.44
						Dodonaeaviscosa	3.0	100	19.50	29.13	20.83	30.65	80.61
						Arenaria serpyllifolia	4.3	70	5.60	9.27	4.83	5.87	19.97

Key to communities*: ALE = Acacia-Lantana-Emex, ADM = Acacia-Dodonaea-Medicago, AJM = Acacia-Justicia-Medicago, DPS = Dodonaea-Pinus-Stellaria, CME = Calotropis-Melia-Euphorbia, CMS = Calotropis-Melia-Stellaria, PDT = Pinus-Dodonaea-Tulipa, ADC = Acacia-Dodonaea-Cynodon, SPS = Saccharum-Populus-Silybum, VLA = Vitex-Leucaena-Agrostis, ZME = Ziziphus-Morus-Emex, ADA = Acacia-Dodonaea-Arenaria

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