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  1. The technique of symbiotic germination—using mycorrhizal fungi to propagate orchids from seed in vitro—has been used as one method to cultivate orchids in North America and abroad for > 30 years. A long-held a...

    Authors: Lawrence W. Zettler and Caleb J. Dvorak
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:14
  2. Agricultural management and temporal change including climate conditions and soil properties can result in the alteration of soil enzymatic activity and bacterial community, respectively. Therefore, different ...

    Authors: Yu-Pei Chen, Chia-Fang Tsai, Asif Hameed, Yu-Jen Chang and Chiu-Chung Young
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:13
  3. Bamboos, widely distributed in temperate and tropical Asia, Africa and America, refer to a group of special plants in Poaceae, Bambusoideae. China is rich in bamboo species. However, due to a long flowering cy...

    Authors: Zhuo-Yu Cai, Xin-Xin Zhou, Khoon-Meng Wong and Nian-He Xia
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:12
  4. Hedychium gardnerianum Sheph. ex Ker Gawl. is one of the 100 world's worst invasive alien species and the research target in areas as diverse as biological control, natural fibres uses, taxonomy or the biological...

    Authors: Maria João Pereira, Telmo Eleutério, Maria Gabriela Meirelles and Helena Cristina Vasconcelos
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:11
  5. By transporting and scarifying the seeds during ingestion, avian frugivores reduce the competition with siblings, and may improve the germination which is critical for dispersal effectiveness and population re...

    Authors: L. R. Vukeya, T. M. Mokotjomela, N. J. Malebo and S. Oke
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:10
  6. Nowadays, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a new lighting technology, have been emerged as an alternative source of light for plants due to their wavelength specificity, the narrow width of their bands, small s...

    Authors: Tayebeh Ahmadi, Leila Shabani and Mohammad R. Sabzalian
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:9
  7. The soil quality and health of the tea plantations are dependent on agriculture management practices, and long-term chemical fertilizer use is implicated in soil decline. Hence, several sustainable practices a...

    Authors: Yu-Pei Chen, Chia-Fang Tsai, P. D. Rekha, Sudeep D. Ghate, Hsi-Yuan Huang, Yi-Han Hsu, Li-Ling Liaw and Chiu-Chung Young
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:8
  8. White sweet potato (WSP; Ipomoea batatas L. Simon No. 1) has many potential beneficial effects on metabolic control and diabetes-related insulin resistance. The improvement of insulin resistance by WSP tuber extr...

    Authors: Lie-Fen Shyur, Viola Varga, Chiao-Ming Chen, Shu-Chi Mu, Yu-Chih Chang and Sing-Chung Li
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:7
  9. Phalaenopsis is one of the important ornamental plants worldwide. It plays the most significant role in flower exportation in Taiwan. However, the yellow leaf disease caused by Fusarium spp. has reduced the orch...

    Authors: Shu-Yun Chen, Yan-Jeng Wu, Ting-Fang Hsieh, Jiunn-Feng Su, Wei-Chiang Shen, Yung-Hsiang Lai, Pen-Chih Lai, Wen-Huei Chen and Hong-Hwa Chen
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:4
  10. Seed dispersal allows plants to colonize new habitats that has an significant influence on plant distribution and population dynamics. Orchids produce numerous tiny seeds without endosperm, which are considere...

    Authors: Yu Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Li, Miaomiao Wang, Jia Liu, Fanqiang Luo and Yung-I Lee
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:3
  11. Weedy rice, a conspecific weedy counterpart of the cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), has been problematic in rice-production area worldwide. Although we started to know about the origin of some weedy traits for ...

    Authors: Yu-Lan Lin, Dong-Hong Wu, Cheng-Chieh Wu and Yung-Fen Huang
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2021 62:2
  12. Southeast Asia, together with tropical Africa, Madagascar, South India and Sri Lanka, and the eastern Himalayas, are the five primary hotspots of species diversity of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). China is also rich...

    Authors: Jian-Sheng Wang, Yi-Fei Lu, Yue-Liang Xu, Shui-Hu Jin and Xiao-Feng Jin
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:29
  13. Chilling stress is the major factor limiting plant productivity and quality in most regions of the world. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of putrescine (Put) and polyamine inhibitor d-argin...

    Authors: Xiangli Sun, Zebin Yuan, Bo Wang, Liping Zheng, Jianzhong Tan and Fadi Chen
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:28
  14. Genotypic variations are seen in cadmium (Cd) tolerance and accumulation in rice plants. Cultivars that show low Cd translocation from the root into shoot can be selected to reduce Cd contamination in rice gra...

    Authors: Wan-Ting Chiao, Bo-Ching Chen, Chien-Hui Syu and Kai-Wei Juang
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:27
  15. The root major proteins of sweet potato trypsin inhibitors (SPTIs) or named sporamin, estimated for 60 to 80% water-soluble proteins, exhibited many biological activities. The human low-density lipoprotein (LD...

    Authors: Yeh-Lin Lu, Chia-Jung Lee, Shyr-Yi Lin and Wen-Chi Hou
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:26
  16. TCP-domain proteins, plant specific transcription factors, play important roles in various developmental processes. CIN-TCPs control leaf curvature in simple leaf species while regulate leaf complexity in comp...

    Authors: Hsiao-Wei Chen, Po-Lun Lee, Chun-Neng Wang, Hui-Ju Hsu and Jen-Chih Chen
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:24
  17. Posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is one of the most important mechanisms for plants during viral infection. However, viruses have also developed viral suppressors to negatively control PTGS by inhibit...

    Authors: Sin-Fen Hu, Wei-Lun Wei, Syuan-Fei Hong, Ru-Ying Fang, Hsin-Yi Wu, Pin-Chun Lin, Neda Sanobar, Hsin-Ping Wang, Margo Sulistio, Chun-Ta Wu, Hsiao-Feng Lo and Shih-Shun Lin
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:22
  18. With currently 1980 described species, the mega-diverse Begonia is now perhaps the 5th largest flowering plant genus, expanding rapidly from ca. 900 species in 1997 to its current size in merely two decades. In c...

    Authors: Yan Liu, Yu-Hsin Tseng, Hsun-An Yang, Ai-Qun Hu, Wei-Bin Xu, Che-Wei Lin, Yoshiko Kono, Chiung-Chih Chang, Ching-I Peng and Kuo-Fang Chung
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:21
  19. The dormancy of Adansonia digitata seeds is well known. For propagation purposes, plenty of germination tests were conducted, however, rarely taking the ecology of baobab into account. Our main goal, therefore, i...

    Authors: Thea Lautenschläger, Nele Teutloff, Markus Günther and Christoph Neinhuis
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:19
  20. Changes of soil microbial communities are one of the main factors of continuous cropping problem. Andrographis paniculata has been reported to have replant problem in cultivation. However, little is known about t...

    Authors: Junren Li, Xiuzhen Chen, Simin Li, Zimei Zuo, Ruoting Zhan and Rui He
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:18
  21. The cropping area of genetically modified (GM) crops has constantly increased since 1996. However, currently, cultivating GM crops is associated with many concerns. Transgenes are transferred to non-GM crops t...

    Authors: Yuan-Chih Su, Po-Shung Wang, Jhih-Ling Yang, Hong Hong, Tzu-Kai Lin, Yuan-Kai Tu and Bo-Jein Kuo
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:17
  22. Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., a perennial aquatic macrophyte species, has been cultivated in several Asian countries for its economic importance, and medicinal uses. Two distinct ecotypes of the species are recognize...

    Authors: Yeshitila Mekbib, Shi-Xu Huang, Boniface K. Ngarega, Zhi-Zhong Li, Tao Shi, Ke-Fang Ou, Yu-Ting Liang, Jin-Ming Chen and Xing-Yu Yang
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:15
  23. Halophytes are better than glycophytes at employing mechanisms to avoid salt injury, but both types of plants can undergo damage due to high soil salinity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can mitigate the d...

    Authors: Jing Pan, Fei Peng, Anna Tedeschi, Xian Xue, Tao Wang, Jie Liao, Wenjuan Zhang and Cuihua Huang
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:13
  24. In the United States and Canada, ca. one-half of native orchid species are now threatened with extinction. A number of these species are restricted to tallgrass prairies of central North America, such as the E...

    Authors: Hana L. Thixton, Elizabeth J. Esselman, Laura L. Corey and Lawrence W. Zettler
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:12
  25. A number of Xylaria species are exclusively associated with nests of macrotermitine termites. A nesting site of Odontotermes formosanus in eastern Taiwan, which is the only macrotermitine termite known on the isl...

    Authors: Huei-Mei Hsieh, Jyh-Ching Chou and Yu-Ming Ju
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:11
  26. Fritillaria cirrhosa, an important Chinese medicinal herb, is a Class-III protected and highly exploited species by pharmaceutical industry. Dwindling wild populations of species are unable to meet market demand....

    Authors: Hung-Chi Chang, Hui-Min Xie, Maw-Rong Lee, Chiu-Ying Lin, Mei-Kuen Yip, Dinesh Chandra Agrawal and Hsin-Sheng Tsay
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:9
  27. N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are the quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules to coordinate the collective behavior in a population in Gram-negative bacteria. Recent evidences demonstrate their roles in plant .....

    Authors: Qian Zhao, Xiang-Yun Yang, Yao Li, Fang Liu, Xiang-Yu Cao, Zhen-Hua Jia and Shui-Shan Song
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:8
  28. In the publication of this article (Liu et al. 2019), there was an error in the method and ethics declarations sections which were published with incorrect animal experiment approval number. The error: ‘These ...

    Authors: Yuh-Hwa Liu, Tai-Lin Lee, Chuan-Hsiao Han, Yi-Shan Lee and Wen-Chi Hou
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:7

    The original article was published in Botanical Studies 2019 60:9

  29. Most plant cytochrome P450 (P450) proteins need to be supplied with electrons from a redox partner, e.g. an NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), for the activation of oxygen molecules via heme. CPR is a flav...

    Authors: Yoshimi Yamamura and Ayaka Mabuchi
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:6
  30. Gastrodia elata is a fully mycoheterotrophic orchid and has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. The life cycle of G. elata requires an association with two different fungi-Mycena for seed germination ...

    Authors: Yuan-Yuan Li, Shun-Xing Guo and Yung-I Lee
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:4
  31. Hydraulically efficient xylem was evolved in the vascular plants as an apomorphy of the group. Main xylem components involved in water conduction are tracheid and vessel. Vessels, in which two ends are perfora...

    Authors: Swastika Laskar, Utsha Ghoshal and Kakali Sen
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:3
  32. Orchids maintain a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi in the lifecycle. Previous reports indicated that diverse mycobionts may have different roles during orchid growth and development. Although var...

    Authors: Ying Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Li, Xiao-Mei Chen, Shun-Xing Guo and Yung-I Lee
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:2
  33. Unintentional introgression from genetically modified (GM) oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to a relative is inevitable in the open field. A feasible and practical strategy for restricting the spread of GM offspring...

    Authors: Yuan-Kai Tu, Han-Wei Chen, Kuang-Yu Tseng, Yen-Chun Lin and Bo-Jein Kuo
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2020 61:1
  34. Figs are key resources for tropical frugivores and display unique fruiting patterns. While monoecious figs support both seeds and wasp rearing, dioecious plants perform the tasks separately and produce seeded ...

    Authors: Yu-Ting Huang, Ya-Fu Lee, Yen-Min Kuo, Sing-Yi Chang and Chia-Ling Wu
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2019 60:27
  35. Chitosan is a polycationic polysaccharide derived from chitin that has been recognized as an effective elicitor in the production of secondary metabolites of many medicinal plants. In this study, the effect of...

    Authors: Ghazaleh Fooladi vanda, Leila Shabani and Roya Razavizadeh
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2019 60:26
  36. Lipids and starch are important feedstocks for bioenergy production. Genetic studies on the biosyntheses of lipids and starch in green microalgae have drawn significant attention recently. In these studies, qu...

    Authors: Tze Ching Yong, Chia-Sheng Chiu and Ching-Nen Nathan Chen
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2019 60:25
  37. Endosperm is a triploid tissue in seed resulting from a sperm nucleus fused with the binucleate central cell after double fertilization. Endosperm may be involved in metabolite production, solute transport, nu...

    Authors: Ming-Der Shih, Jian-Shin Lin, Mei-Jane Fang, Yuan-Ching Tsai and Yue-Ie C. Hsing
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2019 60:24
  38. Agriculture is highly dependent on climate. Increases in temperature caused by global warming pose challenges for crop production. Heat stress induces oxidative damage to cell membranes and then causes cell de...

    Authors: Yu-Sian Wu and Chin-Ying Yang
    Citation: Botanical Studies 2019 60:23

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